Thanks

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all the researchers and contributors who have made their data openly available. The success of this study would not have been possible without the generous sharing of datasets, which has greatly facilitated our research and analysis. We are deeply appreciative of the commitment and dedication of the scientific community to open science, which fosters collaboration and accelerates scientific progress.

Author contributions

Haoxue Zhang conceived and designed the overall framework of the bioinformatics database, led the project implementation, and was responsible for data integration and system testing. She also played a key role in drafting the manuscript and revising it critically for important intellectual content.

Jingyuan Ning contributed significantly to the development of the database's data processing pipelines and algorithms. He performed extensive data analysis and validation to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the database contents. In addition, Jingyuan Ning participated in the manuscript preparation and provided valuable suggestions for improvement.

Ke Tang was responsible for the design and implementation of the database's user interface and user experience. She worked closely with the other team members to ensure that the database is user-friendly and accessible to a wide range of users. Ke Tang also contributed to the manuscript by writing sections related to the database's usability and user feedback.

Biao Song played a crucial role in the database's data curation and annotation processes. He carefully reviewed and annotated the biological data to ensure its consistency and accuracy. Biao Song also assisted in the manuscript preparation and provided expert advice on biological data interpretation.

Yuyao Liu contributed to the development of the database's search and retrieval functionalities. He optimized the search algorithms to improve the efficiency and accuracy of data retrieval. Yuyao Liu also participated in the manuscript revision process and provided insights on database performance evaluation.

Shengxiu Liu served as the project coordinator and was responsible for overseeing the project's progress and ensuring timely completion of tasks. She facilitated communication among team members and provided administrative support throughout the project. Shengxiu Liu also contributed to the manuscript by writing sections on project management and team collaboration.

All authors have read and approved the final manuscript, and they agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Funding information

This research was funded in part by the Sparkle Database (Internal Grant No. GRSWSCITOP202402). More details can be found at https://grswsci.top/.

Competing Interests

We have declared that no competing interest exists.

Access rights

Nature Reviews Immune Inflammation is open access. All content is freely available to read, download and share immediately upon publication.

License

Nature Reviews Immune Inflammation is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Creative Commons License

Copyright

Submission of a manuscript to the Nature Reviews Immune Inflammation journal directly implies that all the authors have read and agreed to the journal's guidelines. The content present in the manuscript after publication will be freely available to all the potential readers over the Internet.

Notice

The content provided by the authors in the manuscript should at no point of time breach the Copyrights or rights of a third party. The manuscript submitted should not be published or submitted for consideration in any other journal. Manuscripts with plagiarized content will not be considered for the peer-review process.

COPE

DigitalObject Unique Identifier

DOI is registered through Crossref to ensure that each content has a unique identifier and supports citation statistics and long-term content preservation.

Crossref

Recent issues

LATEST ISSUE Volume 1, Issue 2 Dec 2025
Volume 1, Issue 1 June 2025